Atomic Structure / Isotopes [Joanne]

Emission Spectra
- Each element guves off a specific colour of light.
- These are known as emission spectra, unique to each element
- If electrons absorb energy they can be bumped to a higher level
- When they fall to a lower level they release that energy as light

Atomic Structure
- Atoms are made up of parts called subatomic particles
- Protons (positive), Neutrons (neutral), and Electrons (negative)

Atomic Number
= number of protons

A = atomic number
B = Ion charge
C = Symbol

D = Element name
E = Atomic Mass

Isotopes
- The number of protons determine the type of element
- Changing the number of neutrons changes the isotops of the elements
- All isotopes have the same chemical properties

Mass Number

- Mass number is the total of protons and neutrons

- Symbol given is A

- Different isotopes have different masses

- Mass number = atomic number + number of neutrons

A = Z + N

Ex. Boron:
Isotope - 11
Mass - 11
Atomic # - 5
Protons - 5p
Neutrons - 6n

Ex. Nickel
Isotope - 59
Mass - 59
Atomic # - 28
Protons - 28p
Neutrons - 31n